Black Walnut

Juglans nigra image of Black Walnut leaves and nuts

Black walnut is one of the scarcest and most valuable native hardwoods. It is prized for its nuts and lumber. Walnut grows best on deep, alluvial soils. It is very site sensitive and growth rates decline rapidly with poorer site quality. A chemical in the leaves and nuts will kill some plants such as tomatoes and apples. Special notes: black walnut is the state tree nut.

Identifying Characteristics

Height
85 ft,
Spread
85 ft
Leaves
alternate, compound, 12" - 24" long with 13-23 leaflets; each leaflet 2" - 4" long, lance-shaped, edges finely toothed, yellow-green
Flowers
yellow-green catkin
Fruit
nut, 1" - 1 l/2" in diameter, covered with a thick yellow-green fibrous husk
Bark
young bark smooth and gray; older bark dark brown and furrowed
Associated species:
northern red oak, white oak, tulip tree
Ideal site conditions
moist soil, full sun
Value to man
food, wood products
Value to wildlife
food, cover, dens
Growth Rate
medium
Range
range