River Birch

Betula nigra image of River Birch tree and leaves

River birch is the only birch native to Missouri. It is found throughout Missouri in lowlands and along streambanks. Its ability to thrive on wet sites makes it useful for streambank stabilization. The attractive bark and its resistance to borers make river birch the preferred birch for landscaping.

Identifying Characteristics

Height
60 ft
Spread
40 ft
Leaves
alternate, simple, 1 l/2" - 3" long, oval to triangular with a sharp point at tip; edges doubly toothed, dark green above, pale yellow-green below
Flowers
flowers in catkins
Fruit
1" long cone-like clusters of small winged seeds
Bark
light reddish-brown to cinnamon colored; peels off in thin papery layers
Associated species
sweetgum, pin oak, silver maple, green ash, cottonwood
Ideal site conditions
moist soilfull sun
Value to man
landscaping, erosion
Value to wildlife
dens
Growth Rate
fast
Range
range